This study is an introduction into the research of the political-legal background of the Great National Assembly of 1 December 1918 and of the result of the electoral process, a self-established group possessing a special social and professional structure. The diversity of the sources allow a procedure of comparison of historical data, with the aim of drastically reducing the imprecise information. The electoral rules imposed and the conditions created by the Romanian Central National Council reflect the intention of the political leaders to value the technical data of a familiar legislation and to improve it by introducing radical novelties, such as the universal vote. The lack of political experience of the electoral body, which had just entered in the political scene, caused the political evolutions in the territory to go astray from the rules prescribed from the center in some cases. This fact did not undermine the political project on the whole, the results revealing a surprisingly good communication between the RCNC and the county and local national councils. The study has also tried to define the social and professional structure of the participants at the Great National Assembly. At this stage, it can be estimated that the future changes in the data, which further steps in the investigation might provide, are not likely to change the proportion between farmers and priests, lawyers, teachers, and other categories represented in lower numbers.