Învăţământul confesional în Regatul Belgiei în secolele XIX-XX. Şcoli patronate de Biserica Romano-Catolică şi de Bisericile protestante. Studiu comparativ
Abstract
Protestant churches in Belgium did not ha Abstract ve a normally well-organized
secondary education. I refer to those schools which have emerged in organized,
structured religious communities and not to private schools set up by various
individuals or less representative groups. There are documents which show that during
19th-20th centuries there were only some primary schools. Protestant secondary school
cycle only, known as “Marroniers” was founded in 1920 in the Methodist Church in
Uccle.
On 1 October 1795, the Netherlands and the Principality of Liège was annexed
to the French Republic. From now on we can talk about a real influence on the French
Belgian future state lands. Organic Law of Public Instruction every October 25, 1795
provides for a primary school in every canton. Teachers were selected and appointed by
a jury being paid by the state department of money paid by students, all monitored by
local government. Decree on January 26, 1798, to amend the law, the municipal
government offered the right to inspect private schools.
Under German rules, many Protestant churches who wanted to establish
religious schools directly address King William I, the government, or ecclesiastical
provincial Department of Limburg, which had authority over the provinces of southern
Protestant churches. Most such requests have remained without any effect, such as the
community of Ostend, which require setting up a school in 1816 claiming that “a
teacher drew the children to Protestant Roman faith” (Catholic).
King William I, reorganize, by decree of 16 April 1816, the reformed church
the Kingdom of the Down: A total of 20 churches, with an additional 10 who served
garrison.
The period from 1850 to 1878 is defined by certain privileges granted to the
clergy (Catholic in particular) and by the limitation of state intervention in the school
issue. As a result of liberal government, the law of June 1, 1850 created the state
secondary education: 10 Athenaeum and a maximum of 50 secondary schools for boys.
Do not mention anything about secondary schools for girls. Law also granted the right
of every province and municipalities to open their own school. In villages where there
was a special office for schools, they could work in monasteries under the patronage of
the clergy. Article 8 of law mentioned above which provide that secondary education to
include religious education under the supervision of the Minister of Religious Affairs.
The law does not stipulate monitoring of teaching by the bishops, which created a rift
between the government and the papacy. This was remedied in part, several years later,
Anvers Convention of 5 April 1854, which recognized religion classes as an essential
part of the curriculum. Catholic religion was the only subject taught by priests and
bishops appointed by the king recognized. Non-Catholic students were excluded from
such courses. Establishment of new schools for both boys and girls put clergy in a
delicate situation. Religious education initiative was for local authorities. To work in
schools, the clergy had to guarantee the effectiveness of their action.
Belgian religious education issue during that period must be considered under
several aspects: the relationship of state-religion cults, French domination, religious law
under German domination, relations between Catholics and Protestants.
Keywords
religion, tolerance, school, Catholic, Pr Keywords otestant.