End of life and palliative care
Authors
Zhaklina Trajkovska-Anchevska
Abstract
Terminal phase is diagnosed terminal condition of the underlying disease that
leaves no hope of recovery. Terminal state of illness indicates incurable of the disease
regardless independent of the general condition of the patient the matter of time he will
perform death. Adequate medical, psychological and social treatment of patients with
terminal condition implies a significant differentiation of the two key periods and that
means first making a decision to transition from curative to palliative care and the
second period is the start of palliative care until death. The main goal of treatment is
enhanced quality of life of the patient's caring, empathic management which includes
providing the highest level of palliative care in order to maximally reduce physical pain,
fear and anxiety. What is important is that there is no universally accepted principle or
adequate psychosocial approach to announcing a state of terminal illness and the
implementation of palliative treatment; it depends on the culture, tradition, religious
commitments, the philosophy, values, characteristics and dynamics of family which the
patient belongs. Palliative care is created according to the needs and expectations of the
patient and family. Analyzing the awareness of patients in terminal state, that their
disease it not communicated we come to the conclusion that unfolds in several stages.
In the first stage the patient is not aware that he is dying and very few people
from his immediate surroundings are aware of it. Then some family members become
aware of the terminal outcome and with them come a rise in suspicion that the disease
is dangerous and worrying. Painful increasingly evaluate their own situation based on
external indicators and their own physical condition and becoming more aware of the
possibility of dying. A large proportion of patients who are dying are in phase with
incomplete shaped awareness that they will die.
Keywords
palliative care, death, patient, quality of life, dying.